- Sleep on your back or lay down to help relieve the burden on your lower back.
- In the acute stage, lay down as much as possible. Minimize activities.
- Place a supportive pillow underneath your knees when sleeping on your back. Place the pillow between your knees when sleeping on your side.
- Start with ice pads after initial injury. After 2-3 days, heat pads or massage may help relieve back pain.
- Avoid lifting or pulling heavy objects. Always lift objects from a squatting position, using your hips and your legs to do the heavy work. Avoid lifting, twisting and bending at the same time.
- Take medicine as instructed by the physician and follow-up as scheduled.
- Return to the emergency department if there are the following symptoms：
- Persistent fever
- Progressive weakness in the legs
- Incontinence
- Back pain combined with cold sweating or drop in blood pressure
Abdomen
- Pain is caused by a sudden blockage in the urinary tract, resulting in a sudden sharp and severe flank or lower abdominal pain and may radiate to the groin. There may be a feeling of constant need to urinate or difficulty voiding.
- Severe pain may also induce nausea, vomiting, paleness of skin, cold sweating.
- If there is no contraindication, drink at least 3000 to 4000mL of water (approximately 8 glasses) to increase urine amount and to reduce urine concentration.
- Go to the bathroom at least every two hours. Do not hold the urge to urinate.
- Take medicine as instructed by the physician and follow-up as scheduled.
- If there is persistent severe pain despite pain killers, high fever, changes in the location of the abdominal pain, return to the hospital as soon as possible.
- Visit a nutritionist to devise a diet plan. Eat more complex carbohydrates (breads, cereals, grains, legumes, dried beans and peas, pasta, rice). Adequate but not excessive protein is also important. Patients with cirrhosis tend to better tolerate the protein from dairy and plant sources than from meat sources, and therefore may benefit from a more vegetarian type diet. Too much protein may cause hepatic encephalopathy, liver failure induced change of consciousness.
- Avoid fibrous, coarse or hot foods in case of esophageal varices. Chew food properly before swallowing.
- Patients with ascites or edema should restrict fluid intake and eat a low sodium diet.
- Eat small, frequent meals following a regular daily schedule. Have adequate rest. Avoid intense physical activities, alcohol, and cigarettes.
- Avoid raw or undercooked vegetables, meat, seafood or eggs for prevention from infection.
- Avoid raw or undercooked vegetables, meat, seafood or eggs to prevent infection.
- Avoid straining during defecation, and eat more fruits and vegetables to prevent constipation.
- Watch out for spontaneous bleeding such as easy bruising, gum bleeding, and tarry stool.
- Follow up as scheduled.
- Return to the emergency department if there are the following symptoms：
- Hematemesis or bloody vomitus
- Bloody stools
- Jaundice or yellowing skin discoloration
- Drowsiness or conscious change
- Abdominal pain with fever
- Drink plenty of water, at least 2000ml every day if not contraindicated.
- Do not hold the urge of urination. Urinate after sexual intercourse, and practice good perineal hygiene. Ladies should always wipe from front to rear and change feminine pads frequently during menstrual period.
- Eat vitamin C-rich foods, such as tangerine, orange, tomato and papaya.
- Cranberry juice is helpful in preventing recurrent infection.
- Take showers and avoid baths. Do not wear tight synthetic fiber underwear, pantyhose or girdles.
- Return to the hospital as soon as possible if there is fever with chills or flank pain.
- Hematuria is a common symptom of cystitis, and could be treated at an outpatient department.
- Take medicine as instructed by the physician and follow-up as scheduled.
- Keep a balanced diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, and avoid spicy foods, alcohols or coffee. Drink eight glasses of water every day if no restrictions.
- Increase daily activity and exercise.
- Practice regular bowel habits; 15-20 minutes after breakfast is usually the best time. Do not hold your urge of defecation. Do not strain or rush.
- Do not take laxatives or clyster on your own unless by instructed by physician. Follow-up regularly at the out-patient department.
- In case of severe abdominal pain, vomiting or fever, visit a hospital as soon as possible.
- If there is no contraindication, drink 2000-3000ml of water daily.
- Practice good perineal hygiene and healthy voiding habits. Go to the bathroom every 1-2 hours. Do not hold the urge to urinate.
- Plenty of rest during the initial phase of the illness.
- Avoid stimulating foods, alcohol or smoking.
- Take medicine as prescribed and follow up as scheduled. Even if all the symptoms have subsided, do not discontinue the medication without the doctors orders as incomplete treatment may cause the infection to recur or develop drug resistance.
- Return to the hospital as soon as possible if there is any fever with chills or severe flank pain.
- Stop eating solid foods for a few hours during the early stage to allow your bowel to rest. Try sucking on ice chips or taking small sips of water.
- Once diarrhea has stopped, you should also stop taking any anti-diarrhea medications.
- To avoid dehydration, try drinking clear soda, clear broths or non-caffeinated sports drinks. Drink plenty of liquid every day, taking small, frequent sips.
- Drinking boiled or disinfected water. Gradually begin to eat bland, easy-to-digest foods, such as soda crackers, toast, gelatin, bananas, rice and chicken.
- Avoid drinking of milk and soy product or any greasy and irritant food. Stop eating if your nausea returns.
- If there is vomiting again, stop eating for several hours again.
- To prevent catching or spreading the virus, always wash hands thoroughly especially when eating and handling food, use separate personal items around your home, disinfect hard surfaces such as counters, doorknobs, faucets, separate raw food and from, practice good kitchen hygiene and separate raw from cooked food.
- Mild diarrhea may persist for a few days. Get plenty of rest and continue to observe for symptom changes. Please return to the hospital as soon as possible if there are following symptoms：
- Vomiting and diarrhea worsens causing dehydration
- Shock or loss of consioucness
- Abdominal pain shifting to the right lower abdomen
- High fever
- Take time and relax when eating. Chew your food thoroughly and swallow it slowly. Take a small break to allow time for digestion after a meal before going back to work.
- Eat a healthy diet and don’t skip or delay your meals. Don’t eat too much or too little at a time.
- Avoid stimulants, such as tobacco, alcohol, coke or coffeine.
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Don’t stay up too late. Stay in a good mood.
- Follow-up regularly at the gastrointestinal outpatient clinic.
- Return to the emergency department if there are following symptoms：
- Severe intolerable abdominal pain
- Pain shifting to right lower abdomen
- Fever
- Repeated passing of tarry stool
- PID is an infection of the pelvic organs thus all the prescription medicine should be taken as instructed to complete the treatment. Even if all the symptoms have subsided, do not discontinue the medication without the doctors orders as incomplete treatment may cause the infection to recur or develop drug resistance.
- To prevent repeated infection, urinate after sexual intercourse, practice good perineal hygiene, and always wipe from front to rear. Wear underwear made of cotton or breathable material. Minimize baths or hot tubs and avoid vaginal douching.
- Take plenty of rest during acute infection.
- Take medicine as prescribed, and follow up as scheduled.
- In case of fever or severe abdominal pain, return to the hospital as soon as possible.
- Develop good bowel habits. Use the bathroom when you need to. Don’t ignore the urge to move your bowels.
- Keep the anal area and the surrounding skin clean. Take a warm sitz bath after stool passage by immersing the hips and buttocks in warm water for 10-15 minutes. Three to four times a day can provide welcome relief from painful hemorrhoids. Lying down and resting calmly after stool passage may also provide
- Eat plenty of high-fiber foods and vegetables and at least 2L of water a day. Avoid eating bowel irritating foods that are spicy, oily or deep fried, drinking too much alcohol, or staying up too late.
- Avoid activities that increase intraabdominal pressure such as lifting heavy weights. Take small walks after sitting or squatting for prolonged periods of time.
- Nonprescription hemorrhoid creams, suppositories containing hydrocortisone or pads containing witch hazel or a topical numbing agent may provide relief. However, they should not be used longer than a week unless directed by a doctor. Self-enema should be avoided.
- Come to the hospital if symptoms progress, including repeating or continual feeling of bowel movement, large amount of blood in the stool or non-stop bleeding, severe anal pain, or significantly prolapsed hemorrhoid.