Surgical diseases in children under the age of eighteen, whether congenital or acquired, can be classified into six major categories based on their location and nature:
- Hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, and anorectal malformations.
- Genitourinary and external genital malformations.
- Various types of hernias.
- Benign and malignant tumors.
- Abdominal emergencies.
- Trauma.